en مقاله مروری Review article پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="TR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:120%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">The escalation of shrimp aquaculture has been linked to frequent occurrences of bacterial (<i>Vibrio</i> spp.) and viral (white spot syndrome virus and infectious myonecrosis virus) illnesses that limit productivity and have traditionally resulted in significant antibiotic application. Due to their dependence on inherent cellular and humoral immunity, dietary immunomodulation has become a critical non-antibiotic approach for health management in penaeid shrimp. This analysis consolidates existing research on four primary categories of functional feed additives probiotics/symbiotic, prebiotics, &beta;-glucans and associated immunostimulants, and phytogenic/herbal extracts along with their recorded impacts on immune metrics, gastrointestinal health, and survival rates post-pathogen exposure in <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> and <i>Penaeus monodon</i>. The examined literature indicates that additive supplementation is regularly linked to increased hemocyte activity, heightened expression of antimicrobial-peptide and pattern-recognition-receptor genes, augmented antioxidant enzyme activity, and better survival rates post-challenge, with combined (symbiotic or multi-additive) approaches often surpassing single-ingredient diets. The evaluation delineates the mechanistic pathways connecting gut microbiota modulation to systemic immune augmentation, encapsulates notable dose&ndash;response results, and addresses significant obstacles in standardization, strain/extract specificity, and field-scale validation that need resolution for the translation of laboratory discoveries into dependable commercial applications.</span></span></span></span></span></span> Litopenaeus vannamei, Probiotics, Prebiotics, β-glucan, Phytogenic, Disease resistance, Shrimp aquaculture 79 89 http://anfsjournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-44-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 W.D.C.K. Jayasingha chathuocean98728@gmail.com 1003194753284600133 1003194753284600133 Yes Department of Aquaculture and Seafood Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Ocean University, Sri Lanka K.D.G. Chathurangi chathurangi246@gmail.com 1003194753284600134 1003194753284600134 No Department of International Business, Faculty of Management and Finance, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka